Abstract:

Molecular markers are the DNA sequences that are used to tag or highlight specific genes or nucleotide sequence in the genome. In the past, diagnosis, and monitoring of infectious disease, there many conventional methods like Biotyping, Ribotyping and Protein analyses are used but these methods are not so reliable and exact. So by the invention of the molecular markers, the detection of diseases was started by using these molecular markers. In this review, we discussed different types of molecular markers that are used to detect diseases and many purposes as diagnostic tools. The Molecular markers include Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), Simple sequence repeats (SSR), Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat Amplification (ISSR), Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequences (CAPS) and Sequence Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR)  are discussed in the article.