Abstract:
Tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum) is the second most consumed vegetable in the world. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is self-fertilized and diploid belongs to Solanaceae family. It is richest source of vitamins, minerals as well as antioxidants (lycopene). It is also used as example plant at the level of genomic studies in research departments. Tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum)is grown and eaten worldwide. As we know that the more demand of tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum)for its nutritional value, there is needed to improve the tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) varieties through modern methods of breeding and sometimes with the help of conventional breeding. Conventional breeding plays very important role to increase yield and quality. However, resistance of biotic and abiotic cannot be achieved by some methods such as conventional methods. The characters like biotic and abiotic are produced in different crops mainly by modern methods of biotechnology for example transformation,somaclonal variation, QTL mapping. Through different breeding methods, many goals are achieved and many varieties have been developed of different better traits or combine traits in same variety. Agriculture and biotechnology is trying to improve the tomatoes as per demand.
Keywords:
Conventional breeding, Molecular breeding, Molecular Marker, lycopene, Hybridization, Lycopersicum esculentum